Ibanga lokudluliswa kwamamojula e-optical linqunywa yinhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo nezobunjiniyela, ezinquma ndawonye ibanga eliphezulu lapho izimpawu ze-optical zingadluliselwa khona ngempumelelo nge-optical fiber. Lesi sihloko sichaza izici eziningana ezivame kakhulu zokukhawulela.
Okokuqala, i-uhlobo kanye nekhwalithi yomthombo wokukhanya obonakalayozidlala indima ebalulekile. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifinyeleleka kalula zivame ukusebenzisa izindleko eziphansiAma-LED noma ama-laser e-VCSEL, kuyilapho ukudluliselwa okuphakathi nendawo kanye nokude kuncike ekusebenzeni okuphezuluAma-laser e-DFB noma e-EMLAmandla okukhipha, ububanzi be-spectral, kanye nokuqina kwe-wavelength kuthinta ngqo ikhono lokudlulisa.
Okwesibili,ukuncishiswa kwefayibhaingenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezivimbela ibanga lokudlulisa. Njengoba izimpawu zokukhanya zisakazeka ngefayibha, kancane kancane ziba buthaka ngenxa yokumuncwa kwezinto, ukuhlakazeka kweRayleigh, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukugoba. Kufayibha yemodi eyodwa, ukuncishiswa okuvamile kumayelana0.5 dB/km ku-1310 nmfuthi kungaba ngaphansi njenge0.2–0.3 dB/km ku-1550 nmNgokuphambene nalokho, i-fiber ye-multimode ibonisa ukuncishiswa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-3–4 dB/km ku-850 nm, yingakho izinhlelo ze-multimode ngokuvamile zikhawulelwe ekuxhumaneni okufushane okusukela kumamitha angamakhulu amaningana kuya cishe kumakhilomitha amabili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,imiphumela yokuhlakazekakunciphisa kakhulu ibanga lokudlulisa izimpawu ze-optical ezisheshayo. Ukuhlakazeka—kufaka phakathi ukuhlakazeka kwezinto kanye nokuhlakazeka kwe-waveguide—kubangela ukuthi ama-optical pulse ande ngesikhathi sokudlulisa, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-intersymbol. Lo mphumela uba mubi kakhulu emazingeni edatha e-10 Gbps nangaphezuluUkuze kuncishiswe ukusabalala, izinhlelo zokuhamba ibanga elide zivame ukusebenzisai-fiber ehlanganisa ukusabalala (i-DCF)noma sebenzisaama-laser anobubanzi obuncane ahlanganiswe namafomethi okuguquguquka athuthukisiwe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iubude besikhathi bokusebenzaye-optical module ihlobene eduze nebanga lokudlulisela.Ibhendi engu-850 nmisetshenziswa kakhulu ekudluliseni okufushane ngefayibha yemodi eminingi.Ibhendi engu-1310 nm, ehambisana nefasitela lokuhlakazeka kwe-zero-dispersion ye-fiber yemodi eyodwa, ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwebanga eliphakathi le-10–40 km. IIbhendi engu-1550 nminikeza ukuncishiswa okuphansi kakhulu futhi iyahambisanaizikhulisi zefayibha ezifakwe i-erbium (ama-EDFA), okwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimweni zokudlulisa ama-haul amade kanye nama-ultra-long-haul ngale40 km, njengeAmakhilomitha angu-80 noma ngisho angu-120izixhumanisi.
Ijubane lokudlulisa ngokwalo libeka nomkhawulo ophambene nebanga. Amanani aphezulu edatha adinga izilinganiso eziqinile zesignali-kuya-kumsindo kumamukeli, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukuzwela komamukeli kanye nokufinyelela okufushane kakhulu. Isibonelo, imodyuli yokukhanya esekelayoAmakhilomitha angu-40 ku-1 Gbpskungakhawulelwa ku-ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 ku-100 Gbps.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,izici zemvelo—njengokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukugoba ngokweqile kwefayibha, ukungcola kwezixhumi, kanye nokuguga kwezingxenye—kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe noma ukubonakaliswa, okunciphisa kakhulu ibanga lokudlulisela eliphumelelayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic akuhlali “kufushane, kungcono.” Kuvame ukuba khonaimfuneko encane yebanga lokudlulisela(isibonelo, amamojula emodi eyodwa ngokuvamile adinga amamitha angu-≥2) ukuvimbela ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo okweqile, okungaphazamisa umthombo we-laser.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-29-2026