I-Industrial automation iyinsika yezinqubo zesimanje zokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza, futhi ukubaluleka kwamanethiwekhi okuxhumana okuthembekile kusenhliziyweni yalokhu kuguquka. Lawa manethiwekhi asebenza njengezindlela zedatha ezibalulekile ezixhuma izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zamasistimu azenzakalelayo. Isici esisodwa esibalulekile esivumela ukuxhumana okunjalo okungenazihibe yi-PROFINET ikhebula, eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile ze-Ethernet yezimboni.
Lezi zintambo zenzelwe ukumelana nezimo ezinzima, zinikeze ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi ziqinisekise isikhathi esincane sokuphumula—amakhono abalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza emisebenzini yezimboni. Izintambo ze-PROFINET zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine:Uhlobo Aukufakwa okungaguquki,Uhlobo Bukufakwa okuguquguqukayo,Uhlobo Cukunyakaza okuqhubekayo nokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo, kanyeUhlobo Dukuze uthole ukwesekwa kwengqalasizinda engenazintambo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwenzelwe amazinga athile okucindezeleka kwemishini kanye nezimo zemvelo. Ukuma kuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa okungenazihibe kuzo zonke izimboni nabahlinzeki.
Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlobo ezine zezintambo ze-PROFINET.
1. Uhlobo A: Amakhebuli Okufakwa Agxilile
Ikhebuli ye-Cat5e eyinqwaba ye-Profinet, i-SF/UTP evikela kabili, amapheya angu-2, i-conductor eqinile engu-22AWG, ijakhethi ye-PLTC TPE yangaphandle yezimboni, eluhlaza—edizayinelwe Uhlobo A.
Izintambo zohlobo lwe-PROFINET zenzelwe ukusetha okungaguquki okuhamba kancane. Zihlanganisa ama-conductor ethusi aqinile anikeza ubuqotho besignali obuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside. Lawa makhebuli asebenzisa ukugqunywa okuqinile kanye namapheya asontekile avikelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikelwa okuqinile kwe-electromagnetic comppatibility (EMC) ezindaweni lapho ukuphazamiseka kungase kuphazamise ukudluliswa kwedatha.
Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa kumakhabethe okulawula, imishini efakwe unomphela, nezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza ezimile. Izinzuzo zabo zihlanganisa ukufinyeleleka nokusebenza okuthembekile ekufakweni okungaguquki. Nokho, izintambo zohlobo A azifaneleki izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukugoba njalo noma ukunyakaza komshini, njengoba amakhondatha aqinile angase akhathale ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephindaphindiwe.
2. Uhlobo B: Izintambo Zokufaka Ezivumelanayo
Ikhebula le-Cat5e lenqwaba ye-Profinet, i-SF/UTP evikela kabili, amapheya angu-2, amakhondaktha axhumekile angu-22AWG, ibhantshi langaphandle lezimboni le-PLTC-ER CM TPE, eliluhlaza—elisetshenziselwa Uhlobo B noma C.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo A, izintambo zohlobo B zisebenzisa izikhondatha zethusi eziboshiwe ukuze zilethe ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokusebenza. Afaka amajakhethi ahlala isikhathi eside e-PUR noma e-PVC amelana nowoyela, amakhemikhali, kanye nengcindezi yemishini emaphakathi. Lezi zakhiwo zizenza zilungele imishini ehamba ngezikhathi ezithile, imigqa yokukhiqiza elungisekayo, noma izindawo lapho amakhebuli angase adinge ukumiswa kabusha phakathi nokulungiswa noma ukulungiswa kabusha.
Izintambo zohlobo B ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi ziqinile kunezintambo ezifakiwe, kodwa aziklanyelwe ukugoba noma ukunyakaza okungaguquki. Ukuguquguquka kwazo okusesilinganisweni kunikeza isisombululo esilinganiselwe sezinhlelo zokusebenza eziguquguquka kancane ngaphandle kokufaka izindleko eziphakeme zezintambo eziguqukayo eziqhubekayo.
3. Uhlobo C: Amakhebula Aqhubekayo-Flex
Izintambo zohlobo C ze-PROFINET zenzelwe izindawo ezihlanganisa ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kanye nokucindezeleka okuphezulu komshini. Ziqukethe amakhondaktha ane-ultra-fine stranded abhangqwe nokufakwa okuguquguquka kakhulu nezinto zokuvikela ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kukagesi ngaphezu kwezigidi zemijikelezo yokugoba. Amajakhethi angaphandle aqinisiwe anikeza ukuqina okukhethekile, okwenza lawa makhebuli asebenze ngokuthembekile kumaketango okuhudula, izingalo zerobhothi, namasistimu okuthutha.
Izintambo zohlobo C zivame ukusetshenziswa kumarobhothi, imigqa yokuhlanganisa yezimoto, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezishintshayo zezimboni ezisindayo lapho ukunyakaza okudingekayo khona. Umkhawulo wabo oyinhloko izindleko zabo eziphezulu, ezibangelwa ukwakhiwa okukhethekile nezinto eziklanyelwe impilo ende yesevisi ngaphansi kokuguga ngokweqile.
4. Uhlobo D: Amakhebuli Engqalasizinda Angenantambo
Izintambo zohlobo D ziklanyelwe ukusekela izakhiwo zesimanje ezingenantambo ezihlanganisa kokubili izakhi zethusi nefiber ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka kwenethiwekhi. Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izindawo zokungena ezingenantambo ngaphakathi kwezimboni ezihlakaniphile, akha umgogodla we-IoT namasistimu eselula. Idizayini yabo inika amandla ukuthunyelwa kwengqalasizinda eyingxube esekela kokubili ukuxhumana okunezintambo nokungenantambo—okubalulekile endaweni ye-Industry 4.0 egxile ekuguquguqukeni nasekuxhumaneni kwesikhathi sangempela.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezintambo zohlobo D zihlanganisa ukuhamba okuthuthukisiwe, ukukala, nokuhambisana namanethiwekhi athuthukile ezishintshayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqaliswa okuyimpumelelo kudinga idizayini ecophelelayo yenethiwekhi nokuhlela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumbozwa okungenantambo okungaguquki futhi kugweme ukuphazamiseka kwesignali ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimboni.
5. Indlela Yokukhetha Ikhebula Le-PROFINET Elilungile
Kunezici ezine ezinkulu okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha ikhebula le-PROFINET:
-
Uhlobo lokufaka:ukunyakaza okungaguquki, okuguquguqukayo, noma okuqhubekayo
-
Izimo zemvelo:ukuchayeka kuwoyela, amakhemikhali, noma i-UV
-
Izidingo ze-EMC:izinga lokuvikela elidingekayo ezindaweni ezinomsindo
-
Ubufakazi besikhathi esizayo:ukukhetha izigaba eziphakeme (Cat6/7) ngezidingo ezinkulu zomkhawulokudonsa
6. Izicelo ze-Cross-Industry
Izintambo ze-PROFINET zibaluleke ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni, ezamarobhothi, ezimbonini ezicutshungulwayo, nasezimbonini zokuthutha.
-
Ukukhiqiza:Uhlobo A lwamaphaneli okulawula; Uhlobo B lwamasistimu aguquguquka kancane
-
Amarobhothi:Uhlobo C lunikeza ukwethembeka ngaphansi kokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe
-
Izimboni zezinqubo:Thayipha A no-B ukuze uthole ukuxhumana okuzinzile ekucubungulweni kwamakhemikhali nokudla
-
Izinto zokuhamba:Uhlobo D lusekela ukuxhumeka okungenantambo kwama-AGV nezinqolobane ezihlakaniphile
7. Amathiphu Onjiniyela Okufanele Bawazi
I-L-com inikeza izincomo ezine eziwusizo:
-
SebenzisaUhlobo Aizintambo ezimile ukunciphisa izindleko.
-
KhethaUhlobo Cukuze amarobhothi agweme ukushintshwa kwekhebula njalo.
-
KhethaAmabhantshi e-PURezindaweni ezinamafutha noma amakhemikhali.
-
Hlanganisaithusi kanye ne-fiberlapho kudingeka khona ukuxhumana kwebanga elide ngesivinini esikhulu.
8. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nezinhlobo Zekhebula Le-PROFINET
Q1: Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zekhebula le-PROFINET?
A: Umehluko oyinhloko usekuguquguqukeni kwemishini:
Uhlobo A lulungisiwe, Uhlobo B luyavumelana nezimo, Uhlobo C luguquguquka kakhulu, futhi Uhlobo D lusekela ingqalasizinda engenantambo.
Q2: Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa izintambo zohlobo A ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula?
A: Cha. Uhlobo A lwenzelwe ukufakwa okugxilile. Sebenzisa Uhlobo B noma Uhlobo C ukuze uthole izingxenye ezihambayo.
Q3: Iluphi uhlobo lwekhebula olulungele amarobhothi?
A: Uhlobo C lulungile, njengoba lumelana nokugoba okuqhubekayo.
I-Q4: Ingabe izinhlobo zekhebula le-PROFINET zithinta isivinini sedatha?
A: Cha. Isivinini sedatha sinqunywa isigaba sekhebula (Cat5e, 6, 7).
Izinhlobo zekhebula (A-D) zihlobene kakhulu nokucindezeleka komshini nendawo yokufaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-04-2025