Emkhakheni wamanethiwekhi e-broadband, ubuchwepheshe obubili obuvelele sebube yizimbangi eziyinhloko ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ezisheshayo: i-EPON ne-GPON. Nakuba zombili zinikeza ukusebenza okufanayo, zinemehluko ehlukene okufanele ihlolwe ukuze kuqondwe amakhono azo futhi kunqunywe ukuthi iyiphi efanela izidingo zakho.
I-EPON (Inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet Passive Optical) kanye ne-GPON (Inethiwekhi ye-Gigabit Passive Optical), zombili izindlela ezidumile zokusabalalisa ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo kubasebenzisi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optic. Ziyingxenye yomndeni wobuchwepheshe be-Passive Optical Network (PON); nokho, ziyahlukahluka ngokwakhiwa kanye nokusebenza.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-EPON ne-GPON ungqimba lwabo lokulawula ukufinyelela kwemidiya (i-MAC). I-EPON isebenzisa i-Ethernet, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi endawo yasendaweni (i-LAN) kanye namanethiwekhi endawo ebanzi (i-WAN). Ngokusebenzisa i-Ethernet, i-EPON inikeza ukuhambisana nezinhlelo ezikhona ezisekelwe ku-Ethernet, okwenza kube inketho eguquguqukayo kakhulu kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi.I-GPONNgakolunye uhlangothi, isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), indlela yokudlulisa idatha endala kodwa esasetshenziswa kakhulu. Inzuzo yokusebenzisa i-ATM kunethiwekhi ye-GPON ukuthi ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokudlala ezintathu (izwi, ividiyo kanye nedatha) epulatifomu yokuhlukanisa okuhlukanisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukusetshenziswa kahle kwe-bandwidth.
Omunye umehluko obalulekile isivinini sokudlulisa esingezansi nesiphezulu. I-EPON ngokuvamile inikeza isivinini esilinganayo, okusho ukuthi isivinini sokulanda nokulayisha siyafana. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-GPON isebenzisa ukusethwa okungalingani okuvumela isivinini esiphezulu esingezansi kanye nesivinini esiphansi esiphansi esingenhla. Lesi sici senza i-GPON ifaneleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini sokulanda esisheshayo, njengokusakaza ividiyo kanye nokudluliselwa kwamafayela amakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isivinini esilinganayo se-EPON senza ifaneleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezithembele kakhulu ekudlulisweni kwedatha okulinganayo, njenge-video conferencing kanye nezinsizakalo zamafu.
Nakuba i-EPON ne-GPON zombili zisekela ingqalasizinda efanayo yefayibha, ubuchwepheshe bazo be-OLT (Optical Line Terminal) kanye ne-ONT (Optical Network Terminal) buhlukile. I-GPON ingasekela inani elikhulu lama-ONT nge-OLT ngayinye, okwenza kube ukukhetha kokuqala lapho ukukhuliswa kuyinkinga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-EPON inobubanzi obude, okuvumela opharetha benethiwekhi ukuthi bandise ukuxhumana kusuka ehhovisi eliphakathi noma endaweni yokusabalalisa. Lesi sici senza i-EPON ibe wusizo ekumbozeni izindawo ezinkulu zezwe.
Ngokombono wezindleko, i-EPON ne-GPON ziyahlukahluka ngokwezimali zokusetha kokuqala. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okusekelwe ku-ATM, i-GPON idinga imishini eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebiza kakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-EPON isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Ethernet, obusetshenziswa kabanzi futhi obungabizi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi abahlinzeki abaningi bengena emakethe, igebe lezindleko phakathi kwalezi zinketho ezimbili liyancipha kancane kancane.
Ngamafuphi, kokubili i-EPON ne-GPON ziyizinketho ezisebenzayo zokuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo. Ukuhambisana kwe-EPON ne-Ethernet kanye nesivinini esilinganayo kwenza kube kuhle ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zamabhizinisi nezindawo zokuhlala ezidinga ukudluliswa kwedatha okulinganiselayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-GPON kwe-ATM kanye nesivinini esingalingani kwenza kube ukukhetha kokuqala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini sokulanda esisheshayo. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-EPON ne-GPON kuzosiza opharetha benethiwekhi kanye nabasebenzisi bokugcina ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho bekhetha ubuchwepheshe obufanelana kahle nezidingo zabo ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-19-2023