Wake wakhononda kuwena, "Le yinethiwekhi embi," lapho ukuxhumeka kwakho kwe-inthanethi kuhamba kancane? Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-Passive Optical Network (PON). Akuyona inethiwekhi "embi" ocabanga ngayo, kodwa umndeni wamaqhawe wezwe lenethiwekhi: PON.
1. I-PON, "Iqhawe" Lomhlaba Wenethiwekhi
I-PONibhekisela kunethiwekhi ye-fiber optic esebenzisa i-point-to-multipoint topology kanye nezihlukanisi ezibonakalayo ukuze kudluliselwe idatha kusuka endaweni eyodwa yokudlulisela kuya ezindaweni zokugcina zabasebenzisi abaningi. Iqukethe itheminali ye-optical line (OLT), iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical (ONU), kanye nenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa optical (ODN). I-PON isebenzisa inethiwekhi yokufinyelela yokubona engashintshi futhi iyisistimu yokufinyelela yokubona ye-P2MP (Point to Multiple Point). Inikeza izinzuzo ezinjengokugcina izinsiza ze-fiber, engadingi amandla e-ODN, ukwenza lula ukufinyelela komsebenzisi, kanye nokusekela ukufinyelela kwezinsizakalo eziningi. Iwubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela i-broadband fibre optic okwamanje obukhuthazwa abahlinzeki.
I-PON ifana ne-"Ant-Man" yomhlaba wokuxhumana: ihlangene kodwa inamandla ngendlela emangalisayo. Isebenzisa i-optical fiber njengendlela yokudlulisela futhi isabalalise amasignali okubona kusuka ehhovisi elimaphakathi kuya ezindaweni eziningi zabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa izisetshenziswa ze-passive, ivumela izinsizakalo zokufinyelela ze-broadband ezinesivinini esikhulu, ezisebenza kahle nezingabizi kakhulu.
Cabanga nje ukube umhlaba wenethiwekhi ube neqhawe elinamandla, i-PON izoba i-Superman engaphansi. Ayidingi amandla futhi "ingandiza" emhlabeni we-inthanethi, ilethe ulwazi lwe-inthanethi olunesivinini esincane ezinkulungwaneni zemizi.
2. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-PON
Enye ye-PON's "superpowers" ukudluliswa kwayo ngesivinini sokukhanya. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanethiwekhi ocingo lwethusi oluvamile, i-PON isebenzisa i-optical fibre, okuholela kuzivinini zokudlulisela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Cabanga ulanda imuvi ekhaya, futhi ivele ngokushesha kudivayisi yakho njengomlingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-optical fiber imelana nokushaywa kombani kanye nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi, futhi ukuzinza kwayo akunakuqhathaniswa.
3. I-GPON & EPON
Amalungu amabili aziwa kakhulu omndeni wobuchwepheshe be-PON yi-GPON ne-EPON.
I-GPON: Amandla Omndeni we-PON
I-GPON, emele i-Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network, iyindawo enamandla yomndeni we-PON. Ngesivinini esiphansi se-downlink esingafika ku-2.5 Gbps kanye nesivinini se-uplink esingu-1.25 Gbps, sinikeza idatha yesivinini esikhulu, yekhono eliphezulu, amasevisi ezwi, nevidiyo emakhaya nakumabhizinisi. Cabanga ulanda imuvi ekhaya. I-GPON ikuvumela ukuthi uzizwe ulanda ngokushesha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezingafani ne-GPON zivumelana nezimo emakethe yesevisi yedatha ye-broadband.
I-EPON: Inkanyezi Yejubane Yomndeni We-PON
I-EPON, okufushane kwe-Ethernet Passive Optical Network, iyinkanyezi yejubane yomndeni we-PON. Ngezivinini ezilinganayo ze-1.25 Gbps ezikhuphuka nomfula, isekela ngokuphelele abasebenzisi abanezidingo ezinkulu zokulayisha idatha. Ukulinganisa kwe-EPON kuyenza ikhethele amabhizinisi nabadali bokuqukethwe abanezidingo ezinkulu zokulayisha.
I-GPON ne-EPON womabili ubuchwepheshe be-PON, ahluke ngokuyinhloko ekucacisweni kobuchwepheshe, amanani okudlulisela, izakhiwo zozimele, nezindlela zokuhlanganisa. I-GPON ne-EPON ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo, futhi ukukhetha kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, isabelomali sezindleko, nokuhlelwa kwenethiwekhi.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, umehluko phakathi kwalokhu kokubili uyancipha. Ubuchwepheshe obusha, obufana ne-XG-PON (10-Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network) kanyeI-XGS-PON(I-10-Gigabit-Capable Symmetric Passive Optical Network), inikeza izivinini eziphezulu nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe.
Izicelo ze-PON Technology
Ubuchwepheshe be-PON bunohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza:
Ukufinyelela kwe-broadband yasekhaya: Ihlinzeka ngamasevisi e-inthanethi esivinini esikhulu kubasebenzisi basekhaya, isekela ukusakazwa kwevidiyo enencazelo ephezulu, amageyimu aku-inthanethi, nokuningi.
Amanethiwekhi ebhizinisi: Nikeza amabhizinisi ngoxhumo lwenethiwekhi oluzinzile, asekela ukudluliswa kwedatha okukhulu kanye nezinsizakalo zekhompuyutha yamafu.
I-PON "i-smart buter" onobuhlakani. Ngenxa yokuthi ayisebenzi, izindleko zokuyilungisa zehliswa kakhulu. Abasebenzisi akusadingeki bafake futhi bagcine okokusebenza kwamandla kumsebenzisi ngamunye, okonga inani elikhulu lemali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi ye-PON kulula kakhulu. Akukho ukumba okudingekayo; ukumane uthuthukise imishini endaweni emaphakathi kuzovuselela yonke inethiwekhi.
Amadolobha ahlakaniphile: Ekwakhiweni kwedolobha elihlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe be-PON bungaxhuma izinzwa ezahlukahlukene kanye nemishini yokuqapha, buvumela ezokuthutha ezihlakaniphile, ukukhanya okuhlakaniphile, nobunye ubuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2025