Ukutholwa, Ukwenziwa Kwendawo, Nokuphathwa Kwamaphuzu Ancipha Kakhulu Ezintanjeni Zokukhanya

Ekwakhiweni kwekhebula le-optical, ukusebenza kokunciphisa kuyisilinganiso sokuhlola esibalulekile. Ngokusekelwe ezimweni zomugqa ojwayelekile, lesi sihloko sihlaziya izindawo nezindlela zokuphatha amaphuzu okunciphisa okuphezulu emigqeni yekhebula le-optical.

I. Izindawo Ezivamile Zamaphuzu Aphansi Kakhulu

Ngemva kokuqeda ukuxhunywa kwekhebula, ukuhlolwa kwe-OTDR kuvame ukwenziwa kuyo yonke ingxenye yokudluliselwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zokukhanya zekhebula elixhunyiwe ziyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso zokwakha kanye nezindinganiso zokwamukelwa. Ukuhlolwa kuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi:

• Ukuthi ukuncishiswa okuphelele kwesigaba sokudluliselwa kuphansi yini kunencazelo yomklamo (okungukuthi, ukuthi isilinganiso sokunciphisa sihlangabezana yini nezidingo)

• Ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okumaphakathi kwe-splice kwamalunga kuyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso zokwamukelwa kanye nezidingo zomklamo

• Ukuthi umthambeka wejika elingemuva uyalingana futhi ubushelelezi, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zokunciphisa ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezincane ezibangelwa ukulahlekelwa okuvamile kwe-splice

Uma usebenzisa i-OTDR ukuhlola isigaba sokudlulisa nokuthola amaphuzu okunciphisa okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukusetha kahle amapharamitha afana nobubanzi, ubude be-wavelength, ububanzi be-pulse, inkomba yokubuyisa, kanye nesikhathi sokulinganisa:

• Uhla lokuhlola:Setha ngokwebude besigaba sokudlulisa ukuze ijika lithathe cishe u-2/3 wesikrini sokubonisa

• Ubude bamagagasi:Ngokuvamile i-1310 nm kanye ne-1550 nm yezintambo zesiqu ezikude

• Inkomba yokubukeza:Isethi isekelwe ezimisweni zomkhiqizi wefayibha

• Ububanzi be-pulse:Ipharamitha eyisihluthulelo—incane kakhulu iholela ekubangeni okunganele kwe-dynamic kanye nama-curve anomsindo; inkulu kakhulu inciphisa ukunemba kokulinganisa. Kufanele ikhethwe ngokusekelwe kokubili ezidingweni zebanga kanye nokunemba

• Isikhathi esimaphakathi:Lungisa kuze kube yilapho umsila ogobile ubushelelezi ngaphandle komsindo obonakalayo

Ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile izindawo zamaphutha, isofthiwe yokuhlaziya ye-OTDR ingasetshenziswa. Amaphutha ngokuvamile awela ezigabeni ezimbili: amaphutha e-splice-box kanye namaphutha e-cable-body.

II. Ukuphathwa Kwamaphuzu Aphansi Kakhulu

Okokuqala, thola ukuthi iphuzu lokuncipha okuphezulu lisendaweni ye-splice. Emaphuzwini e-splice, yonke imicu ivame ukubonisa izinyathelo zokuncipha zamazinga ahlukahlukene. Ngokuhlaziya imicu eminingi yemicu ngesikhathi esisodwa, uma yonke imicu ibonisa izinyathelo endaweni efanayo, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyinkinga ye-splice.

• Kala futhi ubale ukulahleka kwe-splice okuqondiswayo kulelo phuzu

• Qopha noma yimaphi amanani adlula amazinga

• Vula ukuvalwa kwe-splice bese wenza izenzo zokulungisa

Uma imicu ethile kuphela ibonisa ukuncishiswa kokukhanya endaweni ethile kuyilapho eminye ingabonakali, inkinga cishe akuyona i-splice kodwa iphutha emzimbeni wekhebula.

Izindlela Zendawo Yephutha

• Amaphutha aseduze:Sebenzisa i-OTDR kusuka ku-terminal ukukala ibanga ukusuka endaweni eseduze ye-splice

• Amaphutha amakhulu:Ngenxa yokunemba okunciphile emabangeni amade, hlola kusukela ekuvalekeni kwe-splice eseduze esikhundleni salokho

• Hlanganisa idatha ye-OTDR namarekhodi okwakha kanye nolwazi lokungapheleli

• Yenza izilinganiso zensimu ukuthola iphutha ngaphakathi kwebanga elingamamitha ayi-10

Le ndlela inciphisa ububanzi bokumba, yehlisa izindleko, futhi inciphise isikhathi sokulungisa.

Izindlela Zokulungisa

1. Amaphutha e-Splice-Point

• Vula ukuvalwa kwe-splice bese uphinda uhlanganise imicu

• Gada ngesikhathi sangempela usebenzisa i-OTDR kuze kube yilapho amazinga okulahlekelwa amukelekayo efinyelelwe

Uma ukuhlanganisa okuphindaphindiwe kwehluleka:

• Hlola ukuguquka kwamashubhu e-fiber buffer

• Qinisekisa ukuthi i-radius egobile ifanele ngesikhathi sokugoba kwefayibha

• Hlola ukucindezelwa kwefayibha

Uma izinkinga ziqhubeka, hlola izingxenye zekhebula ngaphambi nangemva kokuxhuma. Uma kusolwa ukuthi umonakalo ukhona, nquma bese uhlanganisa kabusha yonke imicu.

2. Amaphutha Omzimba Wekhebula

Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukugoba noma ukusonta kwekhebula

• Umonakalo wangaphandle wemishini (isb., ingcindezi evela emadwaleni ebangela ukuguquka)

• Ukuguqulwa kweshubhu le-buffer okuholela ekucindezelweni kwefayibha

Isixazululo:

• Sika ingxenye eyonakele bese uyihlanganisa kabusha

• Uma kunomonakalo omkhulu, faka isivalo se-splice bese ulungisa imicu ethintekile

• Uma kudingeka, susa igobolondo langaphandle bese ulungisa noma ushintshe amashubhu e-buffer awonakele.

Izindlela Zokuvimbela

• Hlola ubude bekhebula elisele ngaphambi kokuxhuma

• Sika ubude obengeziwe eziphethweni zekhebula ezisolisayo ukuze ugweme umonakalo ofihliwe

• Shiya ukuxega okwanele ezindaweni ezaziwayo zobuthakathaka ukuze kube lula ukulungisa esikhathini esizayo

Izidingo Zokuhlola

Abasebenzi bokuhlola kufanele baxhumane nochwepheshe basensimini futhi benze izivivinyo ze-OTDR kulezi zigaba ezilandelayo:

1. Ngemva kokuthi ukunamathisela sekuqediwe

2. Ngemva kokuthi ukugoqa ifayibha sekuqediwe

3. Ngemva kokuvalwa kwe-splice

Kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga zokunciphisa ubungozi sezixazululiwe lapho iqembu lizophuma khona endaweni.