Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imiphakathi ixhumanisa noma amazwekazi ahlanganisa yonke indawo, isivinini kanye nokunemba yizidingo ezimbili ezibalulekile zamanethiwekhi e-fiber optic athwala ukuxhumana okubalulekile kwemisebenzi. Abasebenzisi badinga izixhumanisi ze-FTTH ezisheshayo kanye nokuxhumeka kweselula kwe-5G ukuze bafeze i-telemedicine, izimoto ezizimele, imihlangano yevidiyo kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-bandwidth kakhulu. Ngokuvela kwenani elikhulu lezikhungo zedatha kanye nentuthuko esheshayo yobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokufunda komshini, kuhlanganiswe nesivinini senethiwekhi esisheshayo kanye nokusekelwa kwe-800G nangaphezulu, zonke izici ze-fiber sezibe zibalulekile.
Ngokwe-ITU-T G.650.3 standard, i-optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), idivayisi yokuhlola ukulahlekelwa kwe-optical (OLTS), i-chromatic dispersion (CD), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-polarization mode dispersion (PMD) kuyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlonza okuphelele kwe-fiber nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kwenethiwekhi. Ngakho-ke, ukuphatha amanani e-CD kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ubuqotho bokudlulisa kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Nakuba i-CD iyisici semvelo sazo zonke izintambo ze-optical, okuwukunwetshwa kwama-broadband pulses amabanga amade, ngokwezinga le-ITU-T G.650.3, ukusabalala kuba yinkinga yezintambo ze-optical ezinamazinga okudluliswa kwedatha angaphezu kwe-10 Gbps. I-CD ingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yesignali, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezisheshayo, futhi ukuhlolwa kuyisihluthulelo sokubhekana nale nselele.
Iyini i-CD?
Lapho ukukhanya kwamaza ahlukahlukene kusakazeka kuma-optical fibers, ukusabalala kokukhanya kungabangela ukugoqana kwe-pulse kanye nokuphambuka, okuholela ekunciphiseni ikhwalithi yesiginali esidlulisiwe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokusabalala: ukusabalala kwezinto kanye nokusabalala kwe-waveguide.
Ukusabalala kwezinto kuyisici esibalulekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemicu ye-optical, okungabangela ukuthi amaza obubanzi ahlukene asakazeke ngesivinini esihlukene, ekugcineni kuholele ekutheni amaza obubanzi afinyelele ku-transceiver ekude ngezikhathi ezahlukene.
Ukusabalala kwe-waveguide kwenzeka esakhiweni se-waveguide semicu ye-optical, lapho izimpawu ze-optical zisakazeka khona nge-core kanye ne-cladding yemicu, enezinkomba ezahlukene ze-refractive. Lokhu kuholela ekushintsheni kobubanzi bensimu yemodi kanye nokwehluka kwejubane lesignali ku-wavelength ngayinye.
Ukugcina izinga elithile le-CD kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukwenzeka kweminye imiphumela engeyona eye-linear, ngakho-ke i-zero CD ayinconywa. Kodwa i-CD kumele ilawulwe ezingeni elamukelekayo ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi ekuthembekeni kwesignali kanye nekhwalithi yesevisi.
Uyini umthelela wohlobo lwefayibha ekuhlakazekeni?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-CD iyisici semvelo esingokwemvelo sanoma iyiphi i-optical fiber, kodwa uhlobo lwe-fiber ludlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni i-CD. Abaqhubi benethiwekhi bangakhetha imicu yokuhlakazeka “yemvelo” noma imicu enezingqimba zokuhlakazeka ezincishisiwe ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela we-CD ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile le-wavelength.
I-fiber esetshenziswa kakhulu kumanethiwekhi anamuhla yi-fiber ejwayelekile ye-ITU-T G.652 ene-dispersion yemvelo. I-fiber eshintshiwe ye-ITU-T G-653 zero dispersion ayisekeli ukudluliswa kwe-DWDM, kuyilapho i-fiber eshintshiwe ye-G.655 engekho zero dispersion ine-CD ephansi, kodwa ilungiselelwe amabanga amade futhi ibiza kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, opharetha kumele baqonde izinhlobo ze-fiber optics kumanethiwekhi abo. Uma iningi le-optical fibers liyi-G.652 ejwayelekile, kodwa ezinye ziyizinhlobo ze-fiber, khona-ke uma ama-CD kuzo zonke izixhumanisi engabonakali, ikhwalithi yesevisi izothinteka.
Ekuphetheni
Ukusabalala kwe-Chromatic kusalokhu kuyinselele okumele ixazululwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezisheshayo. Izici ze-fibre nokuhlolwa kuyisihluthulelo sokuxazulula ubunzima bokusabalala, okunikeza ulwazi kochwepheshe nonjiniyela ukuklama, ukusebenzisa, nokugcina ingqalasizinda ethwala ukuxhumana okubalulekile emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo nokwanda kwenethiwekhi, iSoftel izoqhubeka nokuqamba nokwethula izixazululo emakethe, ihola indlela ekusekeleni ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-20-2025