Njengoba inani elikhulayo lezinsizakalo ezithwalwa yi-Passive Optical Networks (PON) likhula, kube yinto ebalulekile ukubuyisela ngokushesha izinsizakalo ngemva kokwehluleka kwemigqa. Ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha ukuvikelwa kwe-PON, njengesixazululo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi, buthuthukisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi sibe ngaphansi kwama-50ms ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokusebenzisa kabusha ezihlakaniphile.
Ingqikithi yeI-PONUkushintsha ukuvikela ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka kwezindlela ezimbili "okuyisisekelo + isipele".
Ukuhamba komsebenzi wayo kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: okokuqala, esigabeni sokutholwa, uhlelo lungabona ngokunembile ukuphuka kwefayibha noma ukwehluleka kwemishini ngaphakathi kwama-5ms ngokuhlanganiswa kokuqapha amandla okukhanya, ukuhlaziywa kwesilinganiso samaphutha, kanye nemiyalezo yokushaya kwenhliziyo; Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokushintsha, isenzo sokushintsha siqaliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe isu elilungiselelwe kusengaphambili, ngokubambezeleka okuvamile kokushintsha kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwama-30ms; Okokugcina, esigabeni sokutakula, ukufuduka okungenamthungo kwamapharamitha ebhizinisi angu-218 njengezilungiselelo ze-VLAN kanye nokwabiwa komkhawulokudonsa kufezwa ngenjini yokuvumelanisa ukucushwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bokugcina abazi nhlobo.
Idatha yangempela yokusetshenziswa ikhombisa ukuthi ngemva kokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwaminyaka yonke kwamanethiwekhi e-PON singancishiswa kusukela emahoreni angu-8.76 kuya kumasekhondi angu-26, futhi ukuthembeka kungathuthukiswa izikhathi ezingu-1200. Izindlela zokuvikela i-PON ezivamile zamanje zifaka izinhlobo ezine, Uhlobo A kuya kuhlobo D, okwakha uhlelo oluphelele lobuchwepheshe kusukela koluyisisekelo kuya koluthuthukile.
Uhlobo A (Trunk Fiber Redundancy) lusebenzisa ukwakheka kwamachweba amabili e-PON kuma-chip e-MAC abelana ohlangothini lwe-OLT. Lusungula isixhumanisi se-fiber optic esiyinhloko nesisekelayo nge-splitter engu-2: N futhi lushintsha ngaphakathi kwama-40ms. Izindleko zalo zokuguqulwa kwehadiwe zikhuphuka ngo-20% kuphela wezinsiza ze-fiber, okwenza lufaneleke kakhulu ezimweni zokudlulisela ibanga elifushane njengamanethiwekhi ekhampasi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlelo lunemikhawulo ebhodini elifanayo, futhi ukwehluleka kwephuzu elilodwa kwe-splitter kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesixhumanisi esikabili.
Uhlobo B oluthuthuke kakhulu (i-OLT port redundancy) lusebenzisa ama-port amabili ama-chip e-MAC azimele ohlangothini lwe-OLT, lusekela imodi yokusekela ebandayo/efudumele, futhi lunganwetshwa kusakhiwo se-dual host kuwo wonke ama-OLT. Ku-I-FTTHIsivivinyo sesimo, lesi sixazululo sifinyelele ukufuduka okuhambisanayo kwama-ONU angu-128 ngaphakathi kwama-50ms, ngesilinganiso sokulahlekelwa yiphakethe esingu-0. Sisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ohlelweni lokudlulisa ividiyo lwe-4K kunethiwekhi yokusakaza neyethelevishini yesifundazwe.
Uhlobo C (ukuvikelwa kwefayibha okugcwele) lusetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-backbone/distributed fiber dual path, kuhlanganiswe nomklamo we-ONU dual optical module, ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinhlelo zokuhweba ngezezimali. Lufinyelele ekubuyiselweni kwamaphutha angu-300ms ekuhlolweni kokucindezeleka kwe-stock exchange, luhlangabezana ngokugcwele nezinga lokubekezelelana kokuphazamiseka kwesibili kwezinhlelo zokuhweba ngezibambiso.
Uhlobo D olusezingeni eliphezulu (isipele esishisayo sohlelo olugcwele) lusebenzisa ukwakheka kwebanga lezempi, ngokulawula okubili kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindiza ezimbili kokubili i-OLT ne-ONU, okusekela ukuphindaphinda kwe-fiber/port/power supply okunezingqimba ezintathu. Icala lokufakwa kwenethiwekhi ye-backhaul yesiteshi sesisekelo se-5G libonisa ukuthi ikhambi lisengagcina ukusebenza kokushintsha kwezinga le-10ms ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu ze--40 ℃, isikhathi sokuphazamiseka sonyaka silawulwa zingakapheli imizuzwana engama-32, futhi selidlulile isitifiketi sezinga lezempi se-MIL-STD-810G.
Ukuze kufezwe ukushintsha okungenamthungo, kudingeka kunqotshwe izinselele ezimbili ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe:
Ngokuphathelene nokuvumelanisa ukucushwa, uhlelo lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuvumelanisa obuhlukile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amapharamitha angu-218 angaguquki njengenqubomgomo ye-VLAN ne-QoS ayahambisana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, luvumelanisa idatha enamandla njengethebula lekheli le-MAC kanye ne-DHCP lease ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuphinda idlale ngokushesha, futhi luzuza kalula okhiye bokuphepha ngokusekelwe kusiteshi sokubethela se-AES-256;
Esigabeni sokubuyiselwa kwesevisi, kuklanywe indlela yokuqinisekisa kathathu - kusetshenziswa inqubo yokuthola okusheshayo ukucindezela isikhathi sokubhalisa kabusha se-ONU sibe phakathi kwemizuzwana emi-3, i-algorithm yokudonsa amanzi ehlakaniphile esekelwe ku-SDN ukufeza ukuhlela okunembile kwethrafikhi, kanye nokulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo kwamapharamitha amaningi njengamandla/ukubambezeleka kokukhanya.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-19-2025