Ngenani elikhulayo lezinsizakalo ezithwalwa yi-Passive Optical Networks (PON), sekubalulekile ukubuyisela ngokushesha izinsizakalo ngemva kokuhluleka kolayini. Ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha ukuvikelwa kwe-PON, njengesixazululo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi sibe ngaphansi kwama-50ms ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlakaniphile zokuphinda zisetshenziswe.
Ingqikithi yeI-PONukushintsha ukuvikela ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ngokusebenzisa indlela embaxambili yokwakha "eyisisekelo+isipele".
Ukuhamba komsebenzi wayo kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: okokuqala, esigabeni sokutholwa, uhlelo lungakwazi ukubona ngokunembile ukuphuka kwe-fiber noma ukwehluleka kwemishini ngaphakathi kwe-5ms ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokuqapha amandla optical, ukuhlaziywa kwezinga lephutha, nemilayezo yokushaya kwenhliziyo; Phakathi nesigaba sokushintsha, isenzo sokushintsha siqaliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe kuhlelo olulungiselelwe kusengaphambili, ngokubambezeleka okuvamile kokushintsha okulawulwa phakathi kuka-30ms; Ekugcineni, esigabeni sokubuyisela, ukufuduka okungenamthungo kwemingcele yebhizinisi ye-218 njengezilungiselelo ze-VLAN nokwabiwa komkhawulokudonsa kufinyelelwa ngenjini yokuvumelanisa yokucushwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi bokugcina abazi lutho ngokuphelele.
Idatha yangempela yokuthunyelwa ibonisa ukuthi ngemva kokwamukela lobu buchwepheshe, ubude besikhathi sokuphazamiseka konyaka wamanethiwekhi we-PON singancishiswa kusukela emahoreni angu-8.76 ukuya kumasekhondi angu-26, futhi ukwethembeka kungathuthukiswa izikhathi ezingu-1200. Izindlela zamanje zokuvikela ze-PON ezivamile zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezine, Uhlobo A ukuya kuHlobo D, ezakha isistimu yobuchwepheshe ephelele kusukela kokuyisisekelo ukuya kokuphambili.
Uhlobo A (I-Trunk Fiber Redundancy) lusebenzisa idizayini yezimbobo ezimbaxambili ze-PON ohlangothini lwe-OLT lwabelana ngama-MAC chips. Isungula isixhumanisi esiyinhloko nesisekelayo se-fiber optic ngokusebenzisa isihlukanisi esingu-2: N futhi sishintsha phakathi kwama-40ms. Izindleko zayo zokuguqulwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zenyuka kuphela ngo-20% wezinsiza zefayibha, okuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu izimo zokudlulisa amabanga amafushane njengamanethiwekhi ekhampasi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlelo lunemikhawulo ebhodini elifanayo, futhi ukwehluleka kwephuzu elilodwa lesihlukanisi kungase kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwezixhumanisi ezimbili.
Uhlobo B oluthuthuke kakhulu (i-OLT port redundancy) lusebenzisa izimbobo ezimbili zama-chips e-MAC azimele ohlangothini lwe-OLT, lusekela imodi yokwenza isipele ebandayo/efudumele, futhi lunganwetshwa ekwakhiweni kosokhaya ababili kuwo wonke ama-OLT. KweI-FTTHukuhlolwa kwesimo, lesi sixazululo sizuze ukufuduka okuvumelanayo kwama-ONU angu-128 phakathi kwama-50ms, ngezinga lokulahlekelwa kwephakethe lika-0. Sisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ohlelweni lokudlulisa ividiyo lwe-4K kunethiwekhi yesifundazwe yokusakaza nethelevishini.
Uhlobo C (ukuvikelwa kwefayibha egcwele) lusetshenziswa ngomgogodla/osabalalisiwe we-fiber dual path deployment, kuhlanganiswe ne-ONU dual optical module design, ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukuvikelwa kokuphela kwezinhlelo zokuhweba ngezezimali. Ithole ukubuyiselwa kwamaphutha angu-300ms ekuhlolweni kokucindezeleka kwesitoko, yahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezinga lesibili lokubekezelela ukuphazamiseka kwezinhlelo zokuhweba ngezibambiso.
Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu Lohlobo D (ikhophi eyisipele yesistimu egcwele eshisayo) lusebenzisa idizayini yezinga lezempi, enokulawula okumbaxambili kanye nezakhiwo zezindiza ezimbaxambili kukho kokubili i-OLT ne-ONU, esekela ukwesekwa kwe-fiber/port/power supply yezendlalelo ezintathu. Icala lokuphakelwa lenethiwekhi ye-backhaul yesizinda se-5G libonisa ukuthi isixazululo sisengakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kokushintsha kwezinga elingu-10ms ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu -40 ℃, kanye nesikhathi sokuphazamiseka saminyaka yonke esilawulwa phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-32, futhi siphumelele isitifiketi esijwayelekile sezempi se-MIL-STD-810G.
Ukuze kuzuzwe ukushintsha okungenamthungo, izinselelo ezimbili ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe kumele zinqotshwe:
Mayelana nokuvumelanisa ukucushwa, isistimu isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuvumelanisa obuhlukile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amapharamitha amile angama-218 njengezinqubomgomo ze-VLAN ne-QoS ayahambisana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivumelanisa idatha eguquguqukayo njengethebula lekheli le-MAC kanye nokuqashiswa kwe-DHCP ngendlela yokudlala esheshayo, futhi izuza ngokungenamthungo okhiye bokuqinisekisa ubunikazi ngokusekelwe kusiteshi sokubethela se-AES-256;
Esigabeni sokutholwa kwesevisi, indlela yokuqinisekisa kathathu iye yaklanywa - kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi esheshayo yokutholwa ukuze kucindezelwe isikhathi sokubhaliswa kabusha kwe-ONU sibe phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-3, i-algorithm ehlakaniphile yokukhipha amanzi esekelwe ku-SDN ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlela okunembayo kwethrafikhi, nokulinganiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwemingcele ye-multidimensional efana namandla okubona/ukubambezeleka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-19-2025