1. Ukuhlukaniswa kweFiberAama-mplifiers
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-amplifiers optical:
(1) I-Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (i-SOA, i-Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Ama-amplifiers e-fiber optical ahlanganiswe nezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba (i-erbium Er, i-thulium Tm, i-praseodymium Pr, i-rubidium Nd, njll.), ikakhulukazi izikhulisamsindo ze-erbium-doped fiber (EDFA), kanye nezikhulisi ze-fibre ezidotshiwe ze-thulium (TDFA) kanye nezikhulisi ze-fiber ezidotshiwe ze-praseodymium (PDFA), njll.
(3) Izikhulisamandla ze-fiber ezingaqondile, ikakhulukazi izikhulisamsindo ze-fiber Raman (i-FRA, i-Fiber Raman Amplifier). Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza okuyinhloko kwalawa ma-amplifiers okubona kukhonjisiwe kuthebula
I-EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Isistimu ye-laser enamazinga amaningi ingakhiwa ngokufaka i-doping i-quartz fiber enezici zomhlaba ezingavamile (ezifana ne-Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, njll.), futhi ukukhanya kwesignali yokufaka kukhuliswa ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwepompo. Ngemva kokunikeza impendulo efanele, kwakhiwa i-fiber laser. Ubude begagasi obusebenzayo be-Nd-doped fiber amplifier yi-1060nm kanye ne-1330nm, futhi ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenza kwayo kukhawulelwe ngenxa yokuchezuka echwebeni elingcono kakhulu lokuxhumana kwe-fiber optic nezinye izizathu. Amaza amaza okusebenza e-EDFA kanye ne-PDFA ngokulandelana kwawo efasiteleni lokulahlekelwa okuphansi kakhulu (1550nm) kanye ne-zero dispersion wavelength (1300nm) yokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical, futhi i-TDFA isebenza ku-S-band, ezifanele kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu yokuxhumana ye-fiber optical. . Ikakhulukazi i-EDFA, intuthuko eshesha kakhulu, iye yaba usizo.
IPisisekelo se-EDFA
Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-EDFA sikhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1(a), owakhiwe ikakhulukazi umcu osebenzayo (i-erbium-doped silica fiber engaba amashumi amamitha ubude, enobubanzi obuyingqikithi obuyi-3-5 microns kanye ne-doping concentration engu- (25). -1000)x10-6) , umthombo wokukhanya wepompo (990 noma 1480nm LD), i-optical coupler ne-optical isolator. Ukukhanya kwesignali nokukhanya kwepompo kungasakazeka ohlangothini olufanayo (ukumpompa okuhambisanayo), izikhombisi-ndlela eziphambene (ukumpompa okubuyela emuva) noma zombili izikhombisi-ndlela (ukumpompa okuphindwe kabili) ku-erbium fiber. Lapho ukukhanya kwesignali nokukhanya kwepompo kufakwa ku-erbium fibre ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-ion e-erbium ajabulela izinga eliphezulu lamandla ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwepompo (Umfanekiso 1 (b), uhlelo olunamazinga amathathu), futhi ibole ngokushesha ezingeni lamandla e-metastable , lapho ibuyela esimweni esiphansi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwesignali yesigameko, ikhipha ama-photon ahambisana nokukhanya kwesignali, ukuze isignali ikhuliswe. Umfanekiso 1 (c) uyisibukeli sawo esithuthukisiwe esiphuma ngokuzenzakalelayo (ASE) esinomkhawulokudonsa omkhulu (ofika ku-20-40nm) neziqongo ezimbili ezihambisana ne-1530nm kanye ne-1550nm ngokulandelanayo.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-EDFA inzuzo ephezulu, umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu, amandla aphezulu okukhipha, ukusebenza kahle kwepompo, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kokufaka, nokungezwani nesimo se-polarization.
2. Izinkinga nge-Fiber Optical Amplifiers
Nakuba i-amplifier optical (ikakhulukazi i-EDFA) inezinzuzo eziningi ezivelele, akuyona i-amplifier efanelekile. Ngokungeziwe kumsindo owengeziwe owehlisa i-SNR yesiginali, kukhona okunye ukushiyeka, okufana nalokhu:
- Ukungalingani kwe-spectrum yokuzuza ngaphakathi komkhawulokudonsa we-amplifier kuthinta ukusebenza kokukhulisa iziteshi eziningi;
- Uma ama-amplifiers optical ehla, imiphumela yomsindo we-ASE, i-fiber dispersion kanye nemiphumela engaqondile izoqoqwa.
Lezi zindaba kufanele zicatshangelwe ekusetshenzisweni nasekuklanyweni kwesistimu.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Optical Amplifier ku-Optical Fiber Communication System
Kuhlelo lwezokuxhumana lwefiber optical, iI-Fiber Optical Amplifieringasetshenziswa hhayi nje njenge-amplifier yokukhulisa amandla yesidluliseli ukwandisa amandla okudlulisela, kodwa futhi njenge-preamplifier yomamukeli ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzwela okutholayo, futhi ingangena esikhundleni sesiphindaphindayo se-optical-electrical-optical yendabuko, ukunweba ukudluliswa. ibanga futhi uqaphele ukuxhumana konke-optical.
Ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zefiber optical, izinto ezisemqoka ezibeka umkhawulo kwibanga lokudlulisela ukulahleka nokuhlakazeka kwefiber optical. Ukusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya we-spectrum emincane, noma ukusebenza eduze kwe-zero-dispersion wavelength, umthelela we-fiber dispersion mancane. Lolu hlelo aludingi ukwenza isignali yokuvuselela isikhathi esiphelele (i-3R relay) esiteshini ngasinye sokudlulisa. Kwanele ukukhulisa ngokuqondile isignali ye-optical nge-amplifier optical (i-1R relay). Ama-amplifiers optical angasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ezinhlelweni ze-trunk ezikude kodwa futhi kumanethiwekhi okusabalalisa i-fiber optical, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-WDM, ukukhulisa iziteshi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
1) Ukusetshenziswa kwama-Optical Amplifiers ku-Trunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Umfanekiso wesi-2 uwumdwebo wohlelo wokusetshenziswa kwe-amplifier optical ohlelweni lokuxhumana lwe-trunk optical fiber. (a) isithombe sibonisa ukuthi i-optical amplifier isetshenziswa njenge-amplifier yokukhulisa amandla yesidluliseli kanye ne-preamplifier yomamukeli ukuze ibanga elingadluliseli liphindwe kabili. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa i-EDFA, ukudluliswa kwesistimu ibanga elingu-1.8Gb/s liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-120km liye ku-250km noma lifinyelele ku-400km. Umfanekiso wesi-2 (b)-(d) ukusetshenziswa kwama-amplifiers optical kumasistimu we-relay amaningi; Umfanekiso (b) uyimodi yendabuko ye-3R edluliselwe; Umfanekiso (c) uyimodi yokudlulisela exubile yeziphindaphinda ze-3R nama-optical amplifiers; Umfanekiso 2 (d) Kuyimodi ye-relay yokukhanya konke; ohlelweni lokuxhumana olubona konke, alubandakanyi amasekhethi wesikhathi nokuvuselela, ngakho-ke lubonakala kancane, futhi akukho mingcele "ye-whisker yebhodlela". Uma nje imishini yokuthumela nokwamukela emikhawulweni yomibili ishintshiwe, Kulula ukuthuthukiswa kusuka kuzinga eliphansi kuya ezingeni eliphezulu, futhi i-amplifier optical ayidingi ukushintshwa.
2) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Optical Amplifier ku-Optical Fiber Distribution Network
Izinzuzo zokukhipha amandla aphezulu ezikhulisi ezikhanyayo (ikakhulukazi i-EDFA) ziwusizo kakhulu kumanethiwekhi okusabalalisa ama-broadband (njengama.I-CATVAmanethiwekhi). Inethiwekhi ye-CATV yendabuko ithatha intambo ye-coaxial, edinga ukukhuliswa njalo ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa, futhi i-radius yesevisi yenethiwekhi cishe i-7km. Inethiwekhi ye-CATV ye-fiber optical esebenzisa ama-amplifiers optical ayikwazi nje ukwandisa kakhulu inani labasebenzisi abasabalalisiwe, kodwa futhi yandise kakhulu indlela yenethiwekhi. Intuthuko yakamuva ibonise ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-optical fiber/hybrid (HFC) kudonsa amandla akho kokubili futhi kunokuncintisana okuqinile.
Umfanekiso wesi-4 uyisibonelo senethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-fiber optical yokushintshashintsha kwe-AM-VSB kwamashaneli angama-35 e-TV. Umthombo wokukhanya wesidlulisi yi-DFB-LD enobude obungu-1550nm namandla okukhipha angu-3.3dBm. Isebenzisa i-EDFA yeleveli engu-4 njengesikhulisamandla sokusabalalisa amandla, amandla ayo okufaka cishe -6dBm, futhi amandla ayo okukhiphayo acishe abe ngu-13dBm. Ukuzwela umamukeli we-Optical -9.2d Bm. Ngemva kwamazinga angu-4 okusabalalisa, inani eliphelele labasebenzisi lifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-4.2, futhi indlela yenethiwekhi ingaphezu kwamashumi amakhilomitha. Isilinganiso sesignali esinesisindo somsindo sokuhlolwa sasisikhulu kuno-45dB, futhi i-EDFA ayizange ibangele ukuncipha kwe-CSO.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2023