Uma kukhulunywa ngemishini eseceleni komsebenzisi ekufinyeleleni i-broadband fiber, sivamise ukubona amagama esiNgisi afana ne-ONU, ONT, SFU, kanye ne-HGU.Asho ukuthini la magama?Uyini umehluko?
1. Ama-ONU kanye nama-ONT
Izinhlobo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zokufinyelela kwe-broadband optical fiber zihlanganisa: FTTH, FTTO, ne-FTTB, futhi amafomu emishini eseceleni komsebenzisi ahlukile ngaphansi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zohlelo.Imishini eseceleni yomsebenzisi ye-FTTH ne-FTTO isetshenziswa umsebenzisi oyedwa, okuthiwaONT(Optical network terminal, optical network terminal), kanye nemishini eseceleni yomsebenzisi ye-FTTB yabelwa abasebenzisi abaningi, ababizwa.I-ONU(Optical Network Unit, optical network unit).
Umsebenzisi oshiwo lapha ubhekisele kumsebenzisi okhokhiswa ngokuzimela isisebenzisi, hhayi inombolo yamatheminali asetshenzisiwe.Isibonelo, i-ONT ye-FTTH ngokuvamile yabelwa amatheminali amaningi ekhaya, kodwa umsebenzisi oyedwa kuphela angabalwa.
2. Izinhlobo ze-ONT
I-ONT yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi imodemu yokubona, ehlukaniswe yaba i-SFU (Iyunithi Yomndeni Oyedwa, iyunithi yomsebenzisi womndeni owodwa), i-HGU (Iyunithi Yesango Lasekhaya, iyunithi yesango lasekhaya) kanye ne-SBU (Iyunithi Yebhizinisi Elilodwa, iyunithi yomsebenzisi webhizinisi elilodwa).
2.1.I-SFU
I-SFU ngokuvamile inokuxhumana kwe-Ethernet okungu-1 kuya kwezi-4, ukuxhumana ngocingo okugxilile oku-1 kuya kwezingu-2, futhi amanye amamodeli abuye abe nezixhumanisi ze-TV zekhebula.I-SFU ayinawo umsebenzi wesango lasekhaya, futhi ukuphela kwetheminali exhunywe embobeni ye-Ethernet kuphela engadayela ukuze ifinyelele ku-inthanethi, futhi umsebenzi wokuphatha kude awunamandla.Imodemu yokubona esetshenziswe ekuqaleni kwe-FTTH ingeye-SFU, engavamile ukusetshenziswa manje.
2.2.Ama-HGU
Amamodemu okubona afakwe abasebenzisi be-FTTH avulwe eminyakeni yamuva apheleleHGU.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-SFU, i-HGU inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
(1) I-HGU iyisisetshenziswa sesango, esilungele ukuxhumana kwasekhaya;kuyilapho i-SFU iyithuluzi lokudlulisela elibonisa ngale, elingenawo amandla esango, futhi ngokuvamile lidinga ukubambisana kwamadivayisi angena esangweni njengamarutha asekhaya ekuxhumekeni kwasekhaya.
(2) I-HGU isekela imodi yomzila futhi inomsebenzi we-NAT, okuyidivayisi engungqimba-3;kuyilapho uhlobo lwe-SFU lusekela kuphela imodi yebhuloho ye-layer-2, elingana nokushintshwa kongqimba-2.
(3) I-HGU ingasebenzisa uhlelo lwayo lokudayela nge-broadband, futhi amakhompyutha axhunyiwe namatheminali eselula angangena ngokuqondile ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokudayela;kuyilapho i-SFU kufanele ishayelwe ikhompuyutha yomsebenzisi noma iselula noma ngerutha yasekhaya.
(4) I-HGU ilula ekusebenzeni ngezinga elikhulu nokuphathwa kokulungisa.
I-HGU ivamise ukuza nayoI-WiFi futhi inembobo ye-USB.
2.3.Ama-SBU
I-SBU isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufinyelela komsebenzisi we-FTTO, futhi ngokuvamile ine-interface ye-Ethernet, futhi amanye amamodeli ane-interface ye-E1, isixhumi esibonakalayo socingo lwasendlini, noma umsebenzi we-wifi.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-SFU ne-HGU, i-SBU inokusebenza okungcono kokuvikela ugesi nokuzinza okuphezulu, futhi isetshenziswa ngokuvamile ezenzakalweni zangaphandle ezifana nokugadwa kwevidiyo.
3. I-ONUType
I-ONU ihlukaniswe yabaI-MDU(Iyunithi Yezindawo Zokuhlala Eziningi, iyunithi ehlala abantu abaningi) kanye ne-MTU (Iyunithi Yabaqashi Abaningi, iyunithi yabaqashi abaningi).
I-MDU isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufinyelela kubasebenzisi abaningi bezindawo zokuhlala ngaphansi kohlobo lohlelo lokusebenza lwe-FTTB, futhi ngokuvamile inezindawo zokusebenzelana eziseceleni okungenani ezi-4, ngokuvamile ezinokuxhumana okungu-8, 16, 24 FE noma FE+POTS (ucingo olungaguquki).
I-MTU isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufinyelela kubasebenzisi bebhizinisi abaningi noma amatheminali amaningi ebhizinisini elifanayo esimweni se-FTTB.Ngaphezu kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Ethernet nesixhumi esibonakalayo socingo esingaguquki, singase sibe nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-E1;ukuma nokusebenza kwe-MTU ngokuvamile akufani naleyo ye-MDU.Umehluko, kodwa ukusebenza kokuvikela ugesi kungcono futhi ukuzinza kuphakeme.Ngokuthandwa kwe-FTTO, izimo zohlelo lwe-MTU ziya ziba zincane ngokuba zincane.
4. Isifinyezo
Ukufinyelela kwe-Broadband optical fiber kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-PON.Uma uhlobo oluthile lwesisetshenziswa esiseceleni komsebenzisi singahlukaniswa, okokusebenza okuseceleni komsebenzisi kohlelo lwe-PON kungabizwa ngokuqoqekile ngokuthi i-ONU.
I-ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU...lezi amadivaysi zonke zichaza okokusebenza okuseceleni komsebenzisi ukufinyelela kwe-broadband kusuka kuma-engeli ahlukene, futhi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabo buboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-21-2023